在單線多品種的混線生產過程中，因產品的不同，共線制造中存在錯裝、錯位和錯接等潛在風險，增加了汽車的檢驗和維修工作，影響生產效率和制造成本。在汽車維修中也存在一些問題，濟南哪里有寶馬汽車維修的？下面將具體分析汽車維修中存在的問題，同時提出一些可操作的解決這些問題的對策。

In the process of mixed production of single line and multiple varieties, due to different products, there are potential risks such as wrong installation, dislocation and wrong connection in the collinear manufacturing, which increases the inspection and maintenance of vehicles and affects production efficiency and manufacturing costs. There are also some problems in car maintenance. Where does Jinan have BMW cars repaired? The following will specifically analyze the problems in vehicle maintenance, and propose some operable countermeasures to solve these problems.

(1)火燒加熱活塞裝配全浮式活塞銷。在裝配發動機全浮式活塞銷時，有用油棉線燃火來加熱活塞的，以方便裝活塞銷。這樣做容易使活塞變形，造成活塞金相組織改變，并使鍍錫的減磨作用。

(1) The burning heating piston is equipped with a full floating piston pin. When assembling the fully floating piston pin of the engine, the piston can be heated with oil cotton thread to facilitate the installation of the piston pin. It is easy to deform the piston, change the metallographic structure of the piston, and reduce the wear of tin plating.

(2)氣焊烤割重要部位。應銹蝕、變形或裝配過緊而難拆卸的零部件，采用氧氣焊烤、割以配合拆卸。這樣做會使重要零部件產生形變、退火，使其精度和力學性能降低，從而降低了使用壽命，并易產生故障。

(2) Gas welding and cutting important parts. Parts that should be rusted, deformed or assembled too tightly and difficult to disassemble shall be welded and cut with oxygen to facilitate disassembly. This will cause deformation and annealing of important parts and components, reduce their accuracy and mechanical properties, thus reducing their service life and prone to failure.

(3)單片更換曲軸主軸承或在軸承背墊紙。由于曲軸主軸承多數上片磨損小，故又采用只更換下片軸承。這樣做會使曲軸軸承圓度、圓柱度誤差加大，加劇軸承和軸頸的磨損。在軸承背墊紙同樣會破壞軸承圓度、圓柱度及其與曲軸的同軸度，同時還影響軸承散熱，容易燒壞軸承。

(3) Replace the crankshaft main bearing in one piece or pad paper on the bearing back. Since most upper bearings of the crankshaft have little wear, only the lower bearing is replaced. This will increase the roundness and cylindricity errors of crankshaft bearings, and aggravate the wear of bearings and journals. Backing paper on the bearing will also damage the roundness and cylindricity of the bearing and its coaxiality with the crankshaft, and also affect the heat dissipation of the bearing, which is easy to burn the bearing.

(4)用砂紙打磨軸承。用砂紙打磨曲軸、連桿和凸輪軸的軸承時，會使砂紙上的硬質沙粒嵌入較軟的軸承合金內，形成磨料磨損。故應用機械刀具鉸削或刮刀手工刮削為宜。

(4) Grind the bearing with sandpaper. When grinding the bearings of crankshaft, connecting rod and camshaft with abrasive paper, the hard sand particles on the abrasive paper will be embedded in the soft bearing alloy, forming abrasive wear. Therefore, it is appropriate to use mechanical cutter reaming or scraper manual scraping.

(5)用粉筆著色檢查齒輪嚙合印痕。硬粉筆中含有硬粒，容易使齒輪表面產生磨料磨損。故應用紅丹油等油質顏料著色，檢查齒輪的嚙合印痕。

(5) Check the gear engagement mark with chalk coloring. Hard chalk contains hard particles, which are easy to cause abrasive wear on the gear surface. Therefore, oil pigments such as red lead oil shall be used for coloring to check the engagement marks of gears.

(6)截短油環中的內脹簧。有的維修人員將組合式油環中的內脹簧截短，因內脹簧起著徑向、軸向的.彈性作用，在截短后，使其作用下降，刮油能力也會下降，從而會過早產生氣缸竄油現象。

(6) Cut off the internal expanding spring in the oil ring. Some maintenance personnel cut the internal expansion spring in the combined oil ring short, because the internal expansion spring plays a radial and axial role After the elastic action is shortened, its action will be reduced, and the oil scraping ability will also be reduced, so that the oil leakage of the cylinder will occur prematurely.

(7)應該做裝配記號的不做。汽車各配合件經磨合后，形成了相互適應的配合狀況，在拆卸前應對某些件(軸承蓋、主減速器從動圓錐齒輪、差速器殼、離合器總成與飛輪等)做好裝配記號，以免安裝時裝錯造成元配件間隙破壞或出現故障，破壞平衡。

(7) Do not make assembly marks. After running in, all matching parts of the car have formed a mutually adaptive matching condition. Before disassembly, make assembly marks for some parts (bearing cover, driven bevel gear of main reducer, differential housing, clutch assembly and flywheel, etc.

(8)不按順序拆卸。汽車許多零件是經若干螺栓緊固于一體。拆卸不當，會造成盤類、板類零件的翹曲變形。如氣缸螺栓(螺母)等，對扭矩大的螺栓應分多次逐步拆卸，以保證這些零部件不發生變形或斷裂。故應按拆卸順序和要求進行拆卸。

(8) Dismantle it out of sequence. Many parts of automobile are fastened together by several bolts. Improper disassembly will cause warping deformation of disc and plate parts. For example, cylinder bolts (nuts), bolts with large torque shall be disassembled step by step for many times to ensure that these parts will not be deformed or broken. Therefore, the disassembly shall be carried out according to the disassembly sequence and requirements.

此外汽車中的某些零件因長期的靜配和使用相互間發生銹蝕而難以拆卸，采用錘擊后可使兩個零件脫開。但錘擊時要選擇正確的錘擊部位，既砸不壞機件，又能產生較好的錘擊效果。若錘擊不正確，必然不會得到好的效果。更多相關內容就來我們網站http://www.junwumy.com進行咨詢了解吧！

In addition, some parts of the automobile are difficult to disassemble due to corrosion between them due to long-term static configuration and use, and two parts can be separated after hammering. However, when hammering, the correct hammering position shall be selected, which can not damage the parts, but also produce good hammering effect. If the hammering is not correct, it will not get good results. More relevant content will come to our website http://www.junwumy.com Consult and understand!